Faith, Foundations, and Family: Exploring the Cultural Link Between Christianity and Construction

By Eric S. Cavallo
HRCNN Editorial Feature

Long before blueprints were drawn and zoning permits approved, the very idea of building was rooted in something deeper: faith. Across the American landscape—and particularly throughout the South—Christianity has shaped more than just moral values and worship practices. It has quietly undergirded one of the most enduring sectors in our economy and culture: the construction trades.

For many builders, general contractors, and tradespeople, construction is more than a job. It’s a legacy handed down through generations, often bound together by a shared belief in God, family, and honest work. In a world that moves increasingly fast and often feels disconnected, the enduring rhythm of building—measured in studs, joists, and poured concrete—offers something sacred: stability.

And it’s no coincidence. Scripture is filled with building metaphors. From the parable of the wise man who built his house on the rock to the divine instruction for Solomon’s Temple, Christianity has long used construction as a framework for moral and spiritual instruction. Jesus himself was a carpenter—a man of humble trades and heavenly purpose. His ministry, like a master builder’s plan, required vision, patience, and the laying of strong foundations.

But the deeper truth is this: the cultural bond between faith, foundations, and family is more than symbolic—it is structural. These three elements form the very blueprint of how many builders live, lead, and raise their children. For every nail driven and beam hoisted, there is often a quiet prayer for safety, provision, and purpose.

Across the country, and especially in regions like Hampton Roads and the Antelope Valley, you’ll find families where belief in Christ informs the work of their hands. Morning devotions precede tailgate safety meetings. Sunday rest is honored not just out of tradition, but reverence. The jobsite becomes not just a place of labor, but a place of legacy. Because in our culture, we don’t just build structures—we build lives.

And I can think of no greater example of this sacred intersection than Andrew J. Eliopulos, a man whose leadership in construction, devotion to his faith, and commitment to family have deeply shaped the way I live and work. Years ago, while developing a new 30,000-square-foot facility for US Tool Group in Palmdale, California, Andrew invited a priest to bless the jobsite before the first shovel ever broke ground. It was a profound act—a public profession that the project, the land, and the labor were to be consecrated for good.

That moment said everything. It reminded me that in the world of construction, what we build above the surface must be rooted in something deeper—a foundation of faith, a commitment to family, and a culture that honors both.

These are the values I hold in the highest esteem. They are the framework of my life, my company, and the communities I serve. And they are the reason why, no matter how modern our tools become or how advanced our materials may be, the true strength of a structure—and of a society—will always begin with what is unseen: the faith that grounds it, the foundation that supports it, and the family that builds it together.

When Affordable Stops Being Affordable: The Hidden Instability in AMI-Based Housing

By HRCNN Hampton Road Construction News Network Staff Writer

Across Virginia and much of the country, “affordable housing” is most often defined by its relationship to a region’s Area Median Income (AMI)—a figure calculated annually by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) to represent the midpoint of income distribution within a given region. Multifamily developments that receive public incentives or comply with local inclusionary zoning ordinances often reserve a certain percentage of units for households earning 30%, 50%, 60%, or 80% of the AMI. In theory, this system ensures that low- and moderate-income families have access to safe, decent housing. But in practice, AMI-based affordability has a time limit—and many renters are discovering just how short that window can be.

Rent levels in these units are typically pegged to HUD’s annual income limits, which are adjusted every year based on inflation, regional wage shifts, and other economic indicators. However, while initial lease-up rents may be within reach for families earning at or below the targeted AMI bracket, the allowable annual rent increases—often tied to fixed percentages or indexed escalators—can outpace actual income growth for tenants. Over time, the same unit that once qualified as “affordable” under the program’s metrics may become a financial strain, especially for tenants whose wages have stagnated or who have experienced job or family disruptions.

This is particularly problematic in high-demand housing markets like Northern Virginia, Hampton Roads, and the Richmond metropolitan area, where base AMI levels have been climbing steadily year over year. As AMIs rise, so too do the rent ceilings for so-called affordable units. Yet, not all households see a corresponding increase in earnings. Many renters—especially seniors, single parents, or essential workers—find themselves priced out of the very units that were designed to serve them. This leads to a painful irony: a unit remains technically “affordable” on paper, even as the tenant can no longer afford to stay.

This cycle—entering an affordable unit only to be forced out a few years later—creates what housing advocates call “renter instability.” Families must uproot children from schools, face transportation disruptions, and re-enter increasingly competitive rental markets with fewer viable options. The emotional and financial toll is considerable, particularly for households who moved into these units expecting long-term stability and relief from volatile market-rate housing costs. Instead, they are thrust back into the uncertainty that affordable housing policy was designed to mitigate.

One structural contributor to this problem is the lack of long-term rent stabilization or income recertification requirements in many inclusionary housing agreements. While some localities and Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) projects do require periodic income recertification to ensure tenants still qualify, others do not—allowing landlords to gradually escalate rents while existing tenants bear the burden. This is compounded in jurisdictions where inclusionary zoning is voluntary or poorly enforced, leading to inconsistent outcomes across neighborhoods.

To address this issue, several housing experts and municipal planners are advocating for stronger affordability protections: longer affordability periods (30–50 years), graduated rent caps, and enhanced tenant protections against excessive rent escalations. Others are exploring policy mechanisms such as “rent-to-income” lock-ins, which ensure rent increases remain in sync with a household’s actual earnings rather than the broader AMI curve. These reforms could help preserve the intent of affordable housing programs and promote real housing security for tenants over time.

As Virginia continues to explore inclusionary zoning strategies and expand its multifamily housing stock, it is imperative to recognize that affordability is not static. What a family can afford today may not hold true in five years, especially without policy safeguards in place. To truly serve low- and moderate-income residents, our housing policies must evolve from simply providing affordable units to preserving affordability for the people who need it most—over time, not just at the lease signing.

About HRCNN
The Hampton Roads Construction News Network (HRCNN) is an independent media initiative powered by Earthly Infrastructure®, dedicated to covering the intersections of construction, zoning, housing policy, and infrastructure across Virginia. We aim to elevate important conversations shaping our built environment through thoughtful reporting and community-driven insight. If you have a story idea, policy perspective, or article you’d like to contribute, we welcome submissions at https://earthlyinfrastructure.com/hrcnn-submit-article. Thank you for your continued interest and support as we work to inform, engage, and advocate for a stronger, more equitable future in Virginia’s communities.

Balancing Safety and Infill: Virginia Reexamines Single-Stair Design Standards

By HRCNN Staff Writer
June 24, 2025 | Richmond, VA

In a pivotal meeting that could influence how future housing is built across the Commonwealth, Virginia’s Department of Housing and Community Development (DHCD) convened a diverse advisory group this week to evaluate a controversial building code proposal: whether to allow four-story multifamily buildings to be constructed with a single interior exit stairway.

The discussion centered on Proposal B1006.3.4-24, which seeks to extend the current allowance for single-exit stair buildings—currently capped at three stories—to include a fourth story, provided that enhanced safety measures are integrated. Supporters argue that the change would unlock dense urban infill development on constrained lots, improve building efficiency, and align Virginia with emerging national model codes. Opponents, however, caution that removing a second stairwell could introduce unacceptable life safety risks, especially in rural areas.

“The goal isn’t to remove stairs for cost savings,” one advisory group member said. “It’s about allowing more flexible, climate-adaptable designs on small sites, with bedrooms on exterior walls and more access to natural light.”

The proposal mirrors recent language approved by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) and submitted for consideration in the 2027 International Building Code (IBC) update. However, Virginia is not bound by either framework and must decide whether to adopt an independent provision. The June 24 meeting marked the first formal effort to gather input from fire officials, architects, engineers, local government staff, planners, and other industry stakeholders.

Design and Energy Considerations

Much of the early discussion focused on the design benefits of single-stair buildings. Advocates noted that the reduction of internal corridors allows for more efficient layouts and better cross-ventilation. Architects in the room pointed out that long, deep units with limited window exposure are more energy-intensive and less desirable for residents. They also cited increased flexibility in mechanical system design and solar orientation.

However, some code officials raised concerns about energy-code compliance, especially related to window-to-wall ratios and thermal performance. While most participants agreed that energy issues could be addressed through design choices, others emphasized the need for clear language to prevent misinterpretation during enforcement.

Fire and Life Safety Remain the Primary Concern

As the conversation shifted, fire service professionals voiced strong reservations. Several attendees noted that in jurisdictions with limited fire coverage—particularly in rural parts of Southwest Virginia—response times can exceed 15 minutes, making the presence of a second exit stair critical to resident survival during emergencies.

“New York and Seattle may show low fatality rates in single-exit buildings, but they have response times under four minutes and deep suppression capacity,” one member said. “We can’t design Virginia code around those standards.”

The concern was not only about egress time, but also about operational conflict—residents attempting to evacuate through the same stairwell that fire personnel need to access for response. The discussion included standpipe requirements, positive pressure ventilation, and notification systems. Several participants emphasized the importance of clear mandates for manual fire alarms and early alert systems, especially in buildings that may lack a second means of egress.

Proposed Revisions Emerge

Despite the disagreement, the group found some common ground. By the end of the meeting, there was general consensus on limiting the proposal strictly to interior stairwells, excluding exterior stairs for now due to additional vulnerabilities. The group also discussed amendments requiring stairwell doors to open in the direction of travel, prohibiting direct access from dwelling units into exit stairs, and revising language to align occupancy calculations with gross floor area rather than net area to avoid enforcement conflicts.

Emergency escape and rescue openings (EEROs), which are required in three-story buildings under the current code, were flagged for inclusion in any revised four-story provision. Participants also urged consistency with existing IBC and Virginia Construction Code requirements, including clarifications on notification system connectivity and sprinkler integration.

What’s Next

DHCD staff indicated that they would work with the code change proponent and fire service representatives to draft a revised proposal. A second review and consensus process will be conducted via email, with a virtual meeting to follow if necessary. The revised language is expected to be narrower in scope, more technically precise, and focused on conditions that reflect Virginia’s unique fire service landscape.

As Virginia continues to wrestle with affordability, density, and safety in housing policy, the single-stair proposal offers a case study in balancing innovation with public protection. Whether the compromise will satisfy both sides remains to be seen.

HRCNN will continue to report on code reform efforts and land use policy shaping Virginia’s built environment.
Submit commentary or article ideas at: https://earthlyinfrastructure.com/hrcnn-submit-article

Norfolk Bets Big on the Waterfront: $750 Million Casino Project Breaks Ground Next to Harbor Park

By HRCNN Staff Writer
July 26, 2025 – Norfolk, VA

In a long-anticipated step toward revitalizing its urban waterfront, the City of Norfolk has broken ground on a $750 million casino and resort development that will transform a surface parking lot near Harbor Park into a year-round entertainment anchor. Developed through a partnership between the Pamunkey Indian Tribe and Boyd Gaming Corporation, the project is expected to deliver significant economic returns, enhanced transit connectivity, and a new identity for the city’s east downtown corridor.

“This isn’t just a gaming destination,” said City Manager Patrick Roberts. “It’s a regional anchor—connecting transit, tourism, and long-term development strategy.”

The six-acre site, previously known as Harbor Park Lot D, is being reimagined as a full-service resort complex. Plans call for a 200-room hotel, more than 1,500 slot machines, 50 table games, eight restaurants and bars, and a 45,000-square-foot amenities deck. A 1,300-space structured parking garage will support both on-site patrons and broader downtown event traffic. The developers anticipate opening a temporary casino facility by the end of 2025, a requirement tied to the voter-approved 2020 casino referendum. The full build-out of the permanent resort is expected to be completed by late 2027, with construction currently managed by S.B. Ballard Construction and Yates Construction—the same team behind Rivers Casino Portsmouth.

On July 25, 2025, a team from the Hampton Roads Construction News Network (HRCNN) visited the active construction site. At present, contractors remain in the early stages of infrastructure development, with work focused on horizontal utilities, underground connections, and initial site grading. Trenches have been opened for electrical, sanitary, storm, and water service lines, and equipment is staged along the site perimeter for ongoing material deliveries and subgrade preparation.

Norfolk’s entry into Virginia’s gaming sector follows closely on the heels of Portsmouth’s 2023 debut of Rivers Casino, which generated more than $15 million in gambling tax revenue in its first year. The proximity of the two properties—just across the Elizabeth River—has prompted questions about regional market saturation. Yet Boyd Gaming executives remain confident in the project’s positioning.

“We see Norfolk not only as viable but as visionary,” said Boyd Senior Vice President Marianne Johnson. “This project balances premium gaming with waterfront recreation and connectivity to rail, ferry, and regional highways.”

Indeed, the site’s adjacency to the Tide light rail system, Norfolk’s ferry terminal, Amtrak station, and the I-264 corridor gives the resort a multimodal advantage unique among East Coast gaming properties. The project is also envisioned as a key economic driver for the broader St. Paul’s redevelopment district.

The casino’s journey to groundbreaking was far from straightforward. Initial concepts unveiled in 2021 proposed a sprawling 13-acre footprint. However, shoreline regulations, FEMA floodplain designations, and coordination with multiple regulatory agencies—including the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Virginia Marine Resources Commission, Norfolk Wetlands Board, and Department of Environmental Quality—led to a significant reduction in the developable area. Ultimately, the buildable site was scaled down to six acres, with adjustments made to align with Norfolk’s $2.6 billion federal floodwall project.

Planning staff and design consultants from VHB and HKS worked extensively to ensure the project met city goals for resiliency and public access. The Elizabeth River Trail will be extended along the waterfront, buffered by lighting, landscaping, and visual corridors to preserve the riverfront experience. Despite a 6–1 vote of support from Norfolk’s Architectural Review Board, some design elements—including building height, wayfinding signage, and indoor smoking areas—remain under scrutiny.

Opposition to the project has not been limited to regulatory boards. Norfolk Councilmember Courtney Doyle cast the sole vote against the revised site plan, citing concerns over public health impacts, design scale, and the project’s symbolic weight on the city’s shoreline.

“There were real questions about what kind of development belongs on our waterfront,” Doyle said during the September 2024 hearing. “This is not just a building. It’s a message.”

Still, city officials point to substantial fiscal and employment gains as justification for the project’s aggressive timetable. According to economic impact projections, the resort could generate upwards of $30 million in annual revenue for Norfolk through a combination of gaming taxes, lease payments, and indirect activity. During construction, the project is expected to support more than 2,800 jobs, with roughly 850 permanent positions once fully operational. Annual wages across all sectors tied to the resort are projected to exceed $58 million.

Jared Chalk, Norfolk’s Director of Economic Development, noted that the casino is not being positioned as a standalone amenity, but as a keystone in a broader strategy to modernize the city’s hospitality and tourism infrastructure. “The fiscal impact is meaningful, yes,” Chalk said, “but just as important is the catalytic effect this project has on surrounding redevelopment and employment mobility.”

Still, for many Norfolk residents, questions remain. Some community leaders have expressed concern about the risk of over-commercialization, traffic spillover into adjacent neighborhoods, and the equity implications of locating a high-end casino near communities still recovering from generational disinvestment. Others are cautiously optimistic, hopeful that new job opportunities and public-private reinvestment will reach those most in need.

“The resort could become a symbol of either vision or division,” said civic activist Andrea Lemieux. “The outcome will depend on who it serves—and who gets left behind.”

For now, cranes continue to rise above the Elizabeth River, reshaping a familiar skyline with steel, concrete, and high expectations. Whether Norfolk’s bet on the waterfront pays off—or busts—remains one of the region’s most closely watched civic stories.

About HRCNN
The Hampton Roads Construction News Network (HRCNN) is an independent editorial platform tracking the intersection of zoning, infrastructure, environmental development, and regional planning across coastal Virginia. We welcome contributions from professionals, civic leaders, and community members who share a passion for responsible growth and resilient design.

To submit a story idea, case study, or opinion piece, visit:
https://earthlyinfrastructure.com/hrcnn-submit-article

Let us help you bring your voice to the conversation shaping Hampton Roads.

Built Safe, Built VA: Building a Stronger Commonwealth from the Ground Up

By Eric S. Cavallo – Licensed Commercial Building Contractor | Member, International Code Council (ICC) | Board Member, Virginia Beach Board of Zoning Appeals | Advisory Committee Member, Virginia DHCD – SB195 Reform | Founder & CEO, Earthly Infrastructure®

Safety has long been one of the defining values of the construction industry. But as our cities grow more complex, our climate more unpredictable, and our housing needs more urgent, the meaning of “building safely” must evolve. Today, it’s no longer enough to focus exclusively on jobsite hazards or regulatory compliance within the fence line. The safety of Virginia’s built environment starts upstream—with land use, planning decisions, infrastructure investment, and the policies that govern them all.

Built Safe, Built VA began as a call to strengthen safety culture across Virginia’s construction sites. From OSHA alignment and VOSH enforcement to job hazard analyses and public interface protocols, the original message was clear: protecting lives and reputations on the job is foundational to ethical construction. But the time has come to expand the campaign’s reach. Safety must also guide how we zone our communities, manage our stormwater, approve our housing stock, and license those who shape our physical environment.

One of the earliest and most overlooked points of impact is zoning. Setbacks, overlays, height restrictions, and access requirements may seem bureaucratic—but they often determine whether emergency vehicles can reach a structure, whether pedestrians and cyclists are safely accommodated, and whether public infrastructure can support private development. As a member of the Virginia Beach Board of Zoning Appeals, I’ve seen firsthand how zoning decisions—good and bad—leave lasting safety consequences. Built Safe means starting at the planning table.

Stormwater management is another critical piece of the safety puzzle. In a coastal region like Hampton Roads, a poorly planned or under-enforced BMP isn’t just an engineering flaw—it’s a public hazard. In next month’s HRCNN feature, Councilman Michael Berlucchi (District 3) offers a civic perspective on how local government can lead in protecting our watersheds and preparing for climate impacts. Erosion, flooding, and sediment runoff don’t stop at property lines. Neither should our commitment to prevention.

Likewise, structural safety must be defended through policy—particularly as we seek to modernize housing. In my role with the Virginia DHCD advisory committee on SB195, I’ve been part of the conversation around single-stair reform in R-2 occupancy structures. This is a question of both affordability and egress. Of innovation and life safety. As we welcome more density in our cities, we must be honest about what safe vertical development looks like—and who bears responsibility when it falls short.

That responsibility should extend to all players in the development chain. In Virginia, contractors must be licensed, tested, insured, and held accountable. But developers—who often initiate, coordinate, and finance the projects that shape our communities—are not subject to the same baseline requirements. This is a regulatory gap that I believe must close. Built Safe, Built VA calls for equal standards across the building lifecycle. If you have the authority to shape a neighborhood, you should carry the license to match.

Public safety also hinges on how construction engages the community during the build. Traffic control plans, signage, fencing, and hazard communication are not superficial details—they are the public’s experience of the construction profession. Whether we're working in a dense urban district or a coastal village, we must treat every project as a public-facing commitment to professionalism. Safety doesn’t end with a passed inspection. It extends to every resident who walks, drives, or lives near our work.

In the months ahead, Built Safe, Built VA will continue spotlighting the people and policies that make Virginia stronger—from jobsite practices and planning board decisions to stormwater initiatives and housing reforms. Through Earthly Infrastructure® and the Hampton Roads Construction News Network, we’re proud to carry this conversation forward—not as critics, but as partners in building a better Commonwealth.

Let’s keep pushing the standard. Because when we build safe, we build trust. We build value. And most importantly, we build Virginia.

Zoned for Concern: Chesapeake Rejects Data Center Proposal in Landmark Vote

By Earthly Infrastructure® HRCNN Staff Writer

As Virginia communities evaluate how to accommodate next-generation infrastructure, the City of Chesapeake has emerged as a case study in zoning governance, public participation, and responsible land use planning. In June 2025, a rezoning application to allow the development of a 350,000-square-foot data center was unanimously denied by City Council following extensive community input and procedural review. The decision reflects Chesapeake’s commitment to evaluating land use proposals through a lens of compatibility, transparency, and long-term community impact.

The proposed project, submitted by Emerald Lake Estates I Inc. and developer Doug Fuller, sought to rezone a 22.6-acre site at the corner of Centerville Turnpike and Etheridge Manor Boulevard from agricultural (A-1) to light industrial (M-1). The proposed use included a two-story data center facility supported by fiber infrastructure from the Southside Network Authority. While the project’s economic potential was acknowledged, residents and stakeholders raised concerns related to noise, water and energy demand, proximity to residential neighborhoods, and lack of clear performance standards or environmental mitigation plans.

In response, the Planning Commission convened a public hearing in May 2025 that drew over 50 speakers, 650 written comments, and a petition signed by more than 450 residents. After extensive deliberation, the Commission voted 6–1 to recommend denial of the application. Chesapeake’s City Council reviewed the matter on June 17, 2025, where it voted 7–0 to reject the rezoning. Two members — Mayor Rick West and Councilmember Daniel Whitaker — were absent or recused due to scheduling and conflict of interest, respectively. The remaining Councilmembers unanimously supported the Planning Commission’s recommendation, citing concerns over location suitability, potential environmental impact, and inadequate buffering between the proposed industrial facility and nearby homes.

Councilmember Amanda Newins and others noted the importance of identifying appropriate zones for data center development while preserving the integrity of existing neighborhoods. Several members emphasized that the decision did not constitute opposition to data infrastructure broadly but reflected a commitment to thoughtful site planning and respect for public input.

This decision aligns with a broader pattern across Virginia and the nation. Communities in Loudoun County, Pittsylvania County, and York County have faced similar challenges in balancing the economic appeal of data centers with land use, environmental, and quality-of-life considerations. Chesapeake’s handling of this application illustrates the critical role that zoning, environmental due diligence, and public participation play in maintaining community trust while enabling strategic development.

Following the denial, the applicant requested that the matter be continued to allow time for further analysis and public outreach; however, Council proceeded with its vote as scheduled. The developer has since indicated that revised plans may be submitted in the future. Should a new application be filed, it is anticipated that additional technical studies and potential adjustments to site location, scale, and impact mitigation will be considered.

Chesapeake’s decision underscores the value of an engaged and informed public, a clear zoning framework, and leadership that is responsive to both innovation and preservation. The city’s process — deliberate, transparent, and aligned with planning best practices — serves as a model for other localities facing similar pressures from industrial-scale infrastructure proposals.

This matter remains active. HRCNN will continue to provide updates on any revised applications, related policy discussions, and community responses. For ongoing coverage and expert analysis on zoning, infrastructure, and responsible development in Hampton Roads, follow the latest at www.earthlyinfrastructure.com/hrcnn.

ENERGY STAR® NextGen Certified Homes: Setting a New Standard for Residential Efficiency

By HRCNN – Hampton Roads Construction News Network Staff Writer

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has unveiled the ENERGY STAR® NextGen Certified Homes Program, an advanced designation aimed at reshaping the future of energy-efficient residential construction. Building upon the proven success of the original ENERGY STAR for Homes certification, the NextGen label introduces more stringent performance criteria, modernized technical requirements, and integrated pathways to achieve net zero-ready status. This initiative reflects a broader national strategy to reduce carbon emissions, enhance grid resilience, and provide lasting energy savings for homeowners.

ENERGY STAR NextGen Certified Homes are designed to meet a new tier of environmental performance by incorporating high-efficiency HVAC systems, smart home technologies, electric-ready infrastructure, and enhanced thermal enclosures. The program mandates independent third-party verification and performance testing to ensure rigorous quality control across all construction phases. By aligning design and construction standards with evolving federal climate goals, the NextGen program positions builders and contractors at the forefront of compliance and consumer trust in the clean energy era.

For builders and contractors operating within the Hampton Roads region, the NextGen certification framework offers a distinct market differentiator. As municipalities across the Commonwealth of Virginia increasingly prioritize climate-resilient growth, ENERGY STAR NextGen homes provide a compliant and future-ready housing typology. Furthermore, this designation may help contractors meet or exceed local and regional energy codes, secure utility incentives, and qualify for potential federal tax credits under the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA).

The implications for permitting, zoning, and long-term site performance are substantial. ENERGY STAR NextGen Certified Homes are not merely efficient—they are forward-thinking infrastructure investments that reduce community strain on electrical grids and water systems. By designing for electrification-readiness, builders and contractors help future-proof housing stock against grid instability and prepare communities for an anticipated expansion of renewable energy sources. Additionally, improved indoor air quality and envelope tightness align with public health standards and tenant protections now emphasized in many Virginia jurisdictions.

From a consumer perspective, ENERGY STAR NextGen homes deliver verified energy savings, improved comfort, and lower utility bills—all underpinned by the EPA’s trusted certification mark. As awareness grows among homebuyers and policymakers alike, certified builders and contractors gain a reputational advantage for delivering homes that prioritize both performance and sustainability. In a housing market increasingly driven by transparency and accountability, ENERGY STAR NextGen represents a legally defensible and environmentally responsible certification for residential construction professionals.

Earthly Infrastructure® Building and Infrastructure Development Inc., a proud ENERGY STAR® Partner, actively supports the deployment of certified homebuilding standards across Virginia. This formal partnership was established under the leadership of company founder Eric S. Cavallo, who remains committed to aligning Earthly Infrastructure’s mission with nationally recognized energy performance goals. As a regional advocate for high-efficiency and climate-resilient construction, Earthly Infrastructure® continues to promote ENERGY STAR initiatives through its projects, educational outreach, and the Hampton Roads Construction News Network.

Redesigning the Footprint: How Environmental Site Design Is Shaping Smarter, Safer Development Across Virginia

By Eric S. Cavallo
Founder, Earthly Infrastructure® | Advisor, Virginia DHCD | Board Member, VB BZA

Chesapeake, VA – July 2025
As the Commonwealth faces rising development pressure alongside increasing environmental risk, Virginia builders and planners are being asked to do more than just meet minimum code. They’re being called to design with nature, not against it.

Enter Environmental Site Design (ESD)—an integrated planning strategy that places stormwater site design and open space development at the center of project success. As Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) regulations tighten and public expectations rise, ESD is no longer a niche innovation—it’s the foundation of responsible land use.

“In the Chesapeake Bay watershed, how we plan a site is just as important as what we build on it,” said Eric S. Cavallo, founder of Earthly Infrastructure® and advisor to Virginia’s Department of Housing and Community Development. “Stormwater can’t be treated as an afterthought. It’s the design driver.”

What Is Environmental Site Design?

Environmental Site Design (ESD), also referred to as low-impact development (LID), emphasizes natural systems and minimal disturbance from the outset of a project. The goal is to manage stormwater at the source, reduce runoff volume, and maintain pre-development hydrology.

Core ESD principles include:

• Stormwater Site Design:
  Techniques such as bioswales, rain gardens, infiltration basins, and permeable pavements slow, filter, and absorb runoff close to where it falls. This helps meet VSMP and SWPPP requirements under Virginia’s Stormwater Management Regulations.

• Open Space Development:
  By clustering buildings, reducing roadway footprints, and preserving vegetated buffers, developers can maintain large portions of undisturbed open space. This not only reduces impervious surface coverage, but provides community access to trails, parks, and natural viewsheds.

• Minimizing Land Disturbance:
  Grading only where necessary and preserving native soil and tree cover helps prevent erosion and sedimentation downstream—benefiting both project budgets and the Bay.

“These are not add-ons. They are fundamental planning decisions that influence everything from stormwater credits to market appeal,” Cavallo said.

Why ESD Matters in Virginia

Virginia’s Chesapeake Bay Preservation Act and Stormwater Management Program make clear that controlling pollution at the lot level is non-negotiable. Any land-disturbing activity over one acre—or within a Chesapeake Bay Resource Protection Area (RPA)—must include a Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) that demonstrates runoff reduction and sediment control.

ESD practices are often the most cost-effective path to compliance. For example:

• Reducing impervious surfaces can lower the cost of underground detention systems.

• Maintaining open space may help meet local overlay or zoning bonus requirements.

• On-site stormwater features can reduce the burden on municipal infrastructure and avoid offsite nutrient credits.

More Than Compliance—A Competitive Edge

Developers and builders who adopt ESD are increasingly gaining faster approvals, community goodwill, and long-term operational savings. In places like Chesapeake, Virginia Beach, and Norfolk, where drainage and flooding are constant concerns, projects that incorporate ESD principles are viewed as forward-thinking—not risky.

“Good stormwater design is good business,” Cavallo emphasized. “It reduces liability, enhances site resilience, and aligns with what local governments are actively prioritizing.”

From the Bay to the Boardroom: Leading by Example

At Earthly Infrastructure®, every project begins with three questions:

1. How will this site absorb or deflect stormwater?

2. How much open space can be preserved without compromising density?

3. How can this design align with both regulatory standards and long-term ecological function?

These are the same questions underpinning Virginia’s statewide efforts to modernize zoning, encourage green infrastructure, and meet its Watershed Implementation Plan (WIP) targets.

Through the Built Safe, Built VA™ campaign, Earthly Infrastructure® is highlighting how environmentally intelligent site design can coexist with economic growth—setting a new standard for what it means to build responsibly in the Commonwealth.

About the Author
Eric S. Cavallo is a Virginia Class B Commercial Building Contractor, ICC Member, and Founder of Earthly Infrastructure®. He serves on the Virginia Beach Board of Zoning Appeals and advises the Virginia Department of Housing and Community Development on regulatory reform, including building code modernization and environmental planning.

Built Safe, Built VA | Reaffirming the Industry’s Commitment to Jobsite Safety

By Eric S. Cavallo - Licensed Commercial Building Contractor, Virginia | Member, International Code Council (ICC) | Appointed Board Member, Virginia Beach Board of Zoning Appeals (2025–2029) | Advisory Committee Member, Virginia DHCD – SB195 Code Reform | Founder & CEO, Earthly Infrastructure® Building and Infrastructure Development Inc.

Jobsite safety remains one of the most critical obligations within the construction industry—not merely as a matter of project performance, but as a legal requirement, an ethical imperative, and a professional benchmark. In Virginia, construction safety expectations are governed by a combination of federal and state oversight, including the Virginia Occupational Safety and Health (VOSH) Program, OSHA standards under 29 CFR Part 1926, and enforcement mechanisms contained within the Uniform Statewide Building Code (USBC). These frameworks exist to ensure a uniform minimum standard for safe practice across every licensed construction activity in the Commonwealth.

However, the successful implementation of safety measures is not accomplished by regulation alone. It is achieved through the culture, planning, and day-to-day decisions of builders, subcontractors, project managers, and trade partners. Effective safety programs demand more than posted signage and required PPE—they require comprehensive pre-task planning, documented job hazard analyses, qualified supervision, and transparent chains of responsibility. When these systems fail, the consequences are not theoretical: injuries, litigation, insurance exposure, and long-term reputational harm become very real.

In Virginia’s rapidly growing markets—particularly in the multifamily, commercial, and infrastructure sectors—the complexity of projects compounds risk. Overlapping scopes of work, dense scheduling, and limited staging areas introduce unique safety challenges that cannot be deferred or overlooked. From excavation support systems and fall protection plans to confined space entry and material handling protocols, each phase of construction demands a risk-aware approach. The firms that compete successfully in today’s industry understand that incident prevention is not separate from business strategy—it is central to it.

Furthermore, jobsite safety is not confined to the physical boundaries of the construction zone. Projects that fail to manage public interface—through improperly secured perimeters, unmarked hazards, or insufficient traffic control—can jeopardize public welfare, invite enforcement action, and erode confidence in the construction profession. Safety, therefore, is not merely internal compliance—it is a signal of professionalism to the broader community, including municipalities, neighbors, and end users.

The Built Safe, Built VA initiative was developed to promote a statewide culture of safety-conscious construction, grounded in law and reinforced by ethical practice. In today’s regulatory environment, it is no longer acceptable to treat safety as a temporary campaign or a check-the-box obligation. It must be embedded into the operational DNA of every contractor and design professional licensed to build in Virginia. When we build safely, we protect lives, uphold our licenses, and elevate the industry as a whole.

I invite fellow professionals, regulators, and stakeholders to share their perspectives on how we can continue strengthening safety practices across Virginia’s construction sector. Your insights are welcome as part of this ongoing conversation.

Built Safe, Built VA: Raising the Standard for Construction Across the Commonwealth

By Eric S. Cavallo, President, Earthly Infrastructure® Building and Infrastructure Development Inc. | Virginia Licensed Contractor (Commercial Building) | ICC Member | Alternate Member, Virginia Beach Board of Zoning Appeals | DHCD Stakeholder Advisor (SB195)

In an industry defined by deadlines, margins, and rapid growth, the most important question in construction remains unchanged: Is it built safe?

Across Virginia, the “Built Safe, Built VA” campaign is more than a slogan—it is a commitment to elevating construction practices through a lens of safety, code compliance, and public accountability. Developed as a localized extension of the International Code Council’s (ICC) Building Safety Month and Building Safety 365 initiatives, this campaign reflects a desire to bring national safety principles home to the Commonwealth.

As a long-standing member of the International Code Council and an annual participant in Building Safety Month, I recognized the need for a campaign that spoke directly to the values, challenges, and culture of Virginia’s building and inspection community. “Built Safe, Built VA” was created to honor the people and practices that shaped me—contractors, plan reviewers, inspectors, and code officials who uphold the very standards that protect life and property across this state.

This initiative is deeply personal. It represents both a professional standard and a public service philosophy. “Built Safe, Built VA” was never about branding—it was about giving back. As someone who continues to grow in this industry, I wanted to create something that resonated with the very people I represent: Virginians working every day to ensure that what we build is legal, ethical, and safe.

In practical terms, the campaign reinforces the foundational role of the Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code (USBC) in governing all aspects of construction—from structural systems to fire protection. It highlights the importance of third-party verification, code official training, zoning integrity, and strong permit oversight. It also aligns with forward-looking reforms like SB195, where my role as a stakeholder advisor to the Virginia Department of Housing and Community Development (DHCD) centers on life-safety policy in multifamily construction.

As a contractor and a zoning board member, I have reviewed plans and variance requests that test the balance between innovation and safety. “Built Safe, Built VA” exists to center that balance—to remind us that while flexibility in development has its place, safety is non-negotiable. Every time a permit is pulled, an inspection passed, or a decision rendered under the USBC, we are reaffirming our collective responsibility to protect people first.

The future of construction in Virginia must reflect both technical precision and civic purpose. “Built Safe, Built VA” is our way of ensuring it does.

Built Safe. Built in compliance. Built for Virginia.

WaterSense® Labeled Homes and the Future of Virginia Housing

By Eric S. Cavallo, Founder/President, Earthly Infrastructure® Building and Infrastructure Development Inc. | Virginia Licensed Contractor (Commercial Building) | Member, International Code Council (ICC) | Alternate Member, Virginia Beach Board of Zoning Appeals | Stakeholder Advisor, Virginia Department of Housing and Community Development (DHCD), SB195 Stakeholder Advisory Committee

As the Commonwealth of Virginia prepares for the next generation of housing development, water resource management has emerged as a central concern for local governments, regulatory agencies, and the building industry alike. Against this backdrop, WaterSense® labeled homes represent a critical advancement in sustainable residential construction—one that aligns environmental performance with code compliance, affordability, and long-term infrastructure planning.

Developed and administered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the WaterSense® program establishes rigorous standards for residential water efficiency. To earn the WaterSense® label, a home must be verified by a licensed certification provider to use at least 30 percent less water than comparable new construction, without sacrificing performance or occupant comfort. This includes the installation of high-efficiency plumbing fixtures, pressure-regulated irrigation systems, and conservation-oriented site design strategies—all subject to field verification and performance testing.

At Earthly Infrastructure®, we view WaterSense® compliance not as a marketing distinction, but as a baseline requirement for ethical and forward-looking development. In a coastal state like Virginia—where groundwater depletion, saltwater intrusion, and stormwater system overload are persistent concerns—integrating water-efficient housing into the broader regulatory framework is no longer optional. It is essential.

To that end, Virginia’s housing future must reflect a coordinated policy shift. This includes potential updates to the Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code (USBC) to more explicitly support EPA-recognized standards, enhanced guidance to local plan review officials, and the development of municipal incentives that reward certified water-efficient developments. The Department of Housing and Community Development (DHCD) is uniquely positioned to lead these efforts by encouraging localities to integrate WaterSense® adoption into comprehensive planning, utility coordination, and affordable housing strategies.

As a licensed commercial contractor and a sitting member of the Virginia Beach Board of Zoning Appeals, I have witnessed firsthand how zoning decisions, infrastructure burdens, and permit review processes can either facilitate or hinder sustainable progress. WaterSense® labeled homes offer municipalities a practical, performance-based pathway to reduce utility demand, mitigate environmental risk, and meet housing targets without compromising public health or safety.

Virginia has the opportunity to set a national precedent—one that links regulatory excellence with environmental responsibility. By prioritizing WaterSense® standards within housing policy, zoning reform, and builder education, we can deliver measurable gains in sustainability, public trust, and long-term cost savings.

The future of housing in Virginia must be built not just to shelter—but to sustain.

Built safe. Built in compliance. Built for Virginia.

Adaptive Reuse in Virginia: A Regulatory Framework for Reviving Retail Sites

By Eric S. Cavallo
Virginia Licensed Contractor (Commercial Building); Board Member, Virginia Beach Board of Zoning Appeals; Advisor, Virginia DHCD – Single‑Stair Exit Reform Stakeholder Committee; International Code Council (ICC) Member; Founder & President, Earthly Infrastructure®

The decline of regional shopping malls across the Commonwealth has introduced a complex land use dilemma for municipalities, planners, and policymakers. Once considered cornerstones of suburban economic development, many of these properties now stand largely vacant, structurally outdated, and commercially obsolete. However, their location, scale, and infrastructure access position them as high-potential candidates for adaptive reuse—if approached through a framework of legal clarity, regulatory flexibility, and long-term community value.

Adaptive reuse, in this context, is not limited to architectural retrofitting. It encompasses the comprehensive reclassification of land use purpose, including the integration of mixed-income housing, municipal services, civic space, and environmentally resilient infrastructure within sites previously designated for single-use retail. Such conversions require thoughtful zoning interpretation, updated comprehensive planning language, and in many cases, negotiated variances to enable economically feasible and legally compliant redevelopment outcomes.

Virginia’s Uniform Statewide Building Code (USBC) and local zoning ordinances can either inhibit or facilitate these efforts depending on the jurisdiction’s posture toward reclassification, density allowances, and parking requirements. Municipalities seeking to lead in this area may consider adopting overlay zones or special exception pathways that support flexibility while preserving core safety, access, and land use compatibility standards. Additionally, state-level incentives—such as Industrial Revitalization Fund (IRF) grants—may offer valuable financial support when paired with public-private implementation agreements.

From a governance standpoint, transparency in permitting, clearly defined site plan review procedures, and early interdepartmental coordination are essential. Localities must balance the interests of economic development with long-term land use resilience, ensuring that reactivated mall sites serve broader public objectives. Successful projects are those that integrate transportation connectivity, code compliance, and meaningful community benefit—whether through affordable housing units, public space commitments, or green infrastructure performance.

Ultimately, the adaptive reuse of Virginia’s vacant malls is not simply a design challenge—it is a test of public leadership, legal adaptability, and professional resolve. As demographic patterns shift, greenfield development diminishes, and infrastructure costs escalate, the value of repurposing these properties becomes both practical and imperative. What becomes of these spaces will reflect not only local economic priorities, but also our collective capacity to govern with foresight. Communities that approach this process with legal precision, policy clarity, and long-term public interest in mind will not just reclaim space—they will redefine it for generations to come.

Foundations That Last: Helen Dragas and the Blueprint for Building in Coastal Virginia

By Eric S. Cavallo
Virginia Licensed Contractor (Commercial Building); Board Member, Virginia Beach Board of Zoning Appeals; Advisor to the Virginia Department of Housing and Community Development (DHCD) on Single-Stair Exit Code Reform; International Code Council (ICC) Member; Founder & President, Earthly Infrastructure®

Few names in Hampton Roads residential development carry the weight of Helen Dragas. As President and CEO of The Dragas Companies, her influence has helped shape the region’s suburban landscape for decades. What distinguishes Dragas isn’t just her longevity—it’s her measured, community-centered approach to growth. Her legacy isn’t written in speculation or press releases, but in real neighborhoods, lasting craftsmanship, and homes that anchor families across Coastal Virginia.

Recognizing a Builder’s Legacy

On May 31, 2023, Earthly Infrastructure® proudly presented Helen Dragas with a Lifetime Achievement Award, honoring her enduring contributions to the built environment, her commitment to ethical development, and her legacy of leadership across Coastal Virginia

I first met Helen years ago at the Dragas Companies’ annual Christmas party while working on her Spence Crossing development in Virginia Beach. Even in a festive setting, she carried herself with the commanding presence of a public official—measured, composed, and unmistakably in charge. She didn’t just walk into a room; she owned it. There was an air of confidence and competence about her that signaled leadership at every turn. It was immediately clear she was a builder who expected more—not just from the work, but from the people around her.

Her job sites were orderly, her expectations sharp, and her team deeply aligned with the regulatory process. For someone like me, now leading Earthly Infrastructure® and advocating for greater builder accountability statewide, that early exposure to her leadership shaped my view of what responsible development looks like.

Today, Helen Dragas continues to leave her mark—not only through legacy communities but through new projects rising in Chesapeake. Crestfield at Centerville is a forthcoming neighborhood of single-family homes on generous 10,000-square-foot lots, offering thoughtfully designed floorplans priced from the mid $500,000s. Just a few miles away, Grayson Commons is set to break ground in 2025—a mixed-use development that will include two- and three-bedroom townhomes, garages, and lakefront walking trails. These projects speak to the evolution of growth in Hampton Roads: compact, livable, and grounded in long-term neighborhood value.

What makes these projects especially relevant to today’s land use conversations is their procedural integrity. The approval process for Grayson Commons included careful coordination with Chesapeake City Council, addressing infrastructure conditions like turn-lane improvements and internal road connectivity. It’s this attention to transportation impact, drainage, and design that separates Dragas from many operating in today’s increasingly crowded development space. She builds with the future in mind—socially, physically, and civically.

Outside the private sector, Helen Dragas has been a visible force in Virginia’s civic and educational institutions. She served as a member—and eventually rector—of the University of Virginia Board of Visitors, helping steer one of the Commonwealth’s flagship public universities through complex governance challenges. Her board service reflects a belief that leadership in housing must also be matched by stewardship in education, governance, and policy. Few regional developers can claim such a balanced presence across public and private life.

She has also supported initiatives related to housing access, workforce development, and regional economic competitiveness—often without seeking the spotlight. In doing so, she has helped shape not only the built environment, but the broader social infrastructure that makes a city livable. Helen Dragas embodies the idea that true development is as much about people as it is about parcels—and her work continues to influence how Coastal Virginia grows, adapts, and thrives.

In a time when the word “developer” is often used without regard to licensure, liability, or policy fluency, Helen Dragas remains a model of what the title should demand. Her work respects the code. Her teams understand the stakes. And her communities are proof that quality homebuilding and responsible policy alignment are not mutually exclusive. As Virginia continues to confront growth, affordability, and regulatory reform, builders like Helen will be essential to getting it right.

Chesapeake Bay by the Book: What ESC and SWPPP Really Protect

In the Commonwealth of Virginia, environmental compliance in construction is not a symbolic gesture — it is a legal obligation. Among the most critical regulatory instruments governing land disturbance are erosion and sediment control (ESC) plans and stormwater pollution prevention plans (SWPPPs). These protocols form the operational foundation for safeguarding the Chesapeake Bay, a nationally protected watershed subject to overlapping federal, state, and local regulations.

Within this framework, construction activities in the Chesapeake Bay watershed must comply with statutory requirements set forth under the Chesapeake Bay Preservation Act, the Virginia Erosion and Sediment Control Law, the Virginia Stormwater Management Act, and the Virginia Stormwater Management Program (VSMP). These laws establish mandatory practices for minimizing runoff, controlling sediment transport, and ensuring pollutants do not enter navigable waters, wetlands, or environmentally sensitive receiving channels. Noncompliance may result in formal enforcement actions, civil penalties, stop-work orders, or permit revocation — reflecting the seriousness with which the Commonwealth enforces its environmental code.

ESC and SWPPP best practices are designed to address risk proactively at the site level. These include early stabilization of disturbed areas, phased clearing and grading operations to minimize exposed soils, preservation of vegetated buffers, and strategic installation of structural controls such as diversion dikes, sediment traps, inlet protection, and compost filter socks. Site-specific SWPPP documentation must outline pollution prevention strategies, delineate responsible parties, and provide inspection and maintenance schedules — all conforming to approved design standards and rainfall frequency data as required under the US EPA’s NPDES permitting system.

Eric S. Cavallo, Founder and President of Earthly Infrastructure® Building and Infrastructure Development Inc., has made regulatory compliance a cornerstone of his professional and public service agenda. A licensed Commercial Building Contractor in Virginia, Mr. Cavallo is an active member of the International Code Council (ICC) and currently serves on the City of Virginia Beach Board of Zoning Appeals, where he helps interpret land use decisions with environmental and code-based implications. In 2024, he was appointed to the Department of Housing and Community Development (DHCD) Stakeholder Advisory Committee on building code reform, where he contributes to the Commonwealth’s deliberations on construction safety, site planning, and code modernization.

Through these roles, Mr. Cavallo has continually advocated for stronger industry adherence to ESC and SWPPP obligations — not only as technical requirements, but as enforceable ethical standards that shape the long-term health of the Chesapeake Bay. He is currently seeking further appointments to Virginia’s regulatory boards and policy committees where his background in construction law, environmental compliance, and code enforcement can support the Commonwealth’s mission to uphold lawful development across sensitive watersheds.

The Chesapeake Bay is more than a scenic asset. It is one of the most complex and monitored estuarine systems in the United States — and the subject of comprehensive protections that require full cooperation from the building industry. At a time when unchecked runoff and overdevelopment continue to threaten water quality, those charged with constructing Virginia’s future must embrace the tools that exist to protect it. ESC and SWPPP plans are not just regulatory artifacts. They are the technical and legal embodiment of responsible building — and for those who work in proximity to the Bay, compliance is not a suggestion. It is a duty.

Code Meets Context: Virginia’s Deliberation on Single-Stair Exit Design

Across Virginia and beyond, the relationship between housing affordability, code reform, and construction safety is evolving. One of the most consequential—and technical—questions under review today is whether certain multi-family residential buildings should be permitted to use a single stairwell for means of egress.

This question is now before Virginia’s Department of Housing and Community Development (DHCD) as part of the state’s formal implementation process for Senate Bill 195 (SB195), which calls for evaluation of single-stair R-2 occupancy structures. The Stakeholder Advisory Committee, reconvening June 24, 2025, was established to assess whether such a design could be safely, lawfully, and effectively incorporated into the Uniform Statewide Building Code (USBC).

Eric S. Cavallo, founder and president of Earthly Infrastructure® Building and Infrastructure Development Inc., was appointed to the DHCD advisory committee in Fall 2024. He serves in a personal capacity, drawing on his background as a Virginia-licensed Commercial Building Contractor, member of the International Code Council (ICC), and sitting board member on the Virginia Beach Board of Zoning Appeals.

The committee’s legislative sponsor and policy lead is Senator Schuyler VanValkenburg, whose commitment to housing innovation and public safety helped bring this issue forward through the 2024 General Assembly. His continued involvement ensures that technical expertise and legislative intent remain aligned as the advisory group works toward a proposed code update.

“It is an honor to represent Virginia’s licensed contractors at this table,” said Cavallo. “As we explore design alternatives, we must maintain a clear view of our legal and ethical responsibility to protect life safety through enforceable, code-compliant solutions.”

Proponents of single-stair buildings cite cost savings, spatial efficiency, and architectural flexibility—particularly in constrained infill lots. However, challenges remain, including travel distance limitations, vertical egress concerns, and fire department access protocols. The discussion now underway must account for both the design benefits and the life-safety risks associated with this building typology.

Earthly Infrastructure® is not a participant on the advisory committee as a company, but we fully support our founder’s role in contributing to this process. Our firm operates with a core commitment to lawful construction, code accountability, and regulatory transparency. Any reform to the USBC must be guided by measurable outcomes, not marketing narratives.

The next phase of this code evaluation begins June 24. As Virginia shapes the future of its building standards, we are proud to be part of a professional community that understands: progress is not the absence of regulation—it is the presence of responsibility.